Introduction to Project Management（项目管理）

• Introduction
• Purpose
• [Relation to Other Disciplines](#Relation to Other Disciplines)
• [Further Reading-the Project Management Institute’s Project Management Body of Knowledge](#Further Reading)

Introduction

Software Project Management is the art of balancing competing objectives, managing risk, and overcoming constraints to successfully deliver a product which meets the needs of both customers (the payers of bills) and the users. The fact that so few projects are unarguably successful is comment enough on the difficulty of the task.

Purpose

Our goal with this section is to make the task easier by providing some context for Project Management. It is not a recipe for success, but it presents an approach to managing the project that will markedly improve the odds of delivering successful software.

The purpose of Project Management is:

• To provide a framework for managing software-intensive projects.
• To provide practical guidelines for planning, staffing, executing, and monitoring projects.
• To provide a framework for managing risk.

However, this discipline of the Rational Unified Process（统一软件开发过程） (RUP) does not attempt to cover all aspects of project management. For example, it does not cover issues such as:

• Managing people: hiring, training, coaching
• Managing budget: defining, allocating, and so forth
• Managing contracts, with suppliers and customers

This discipline focuses mainly on the important aspects of an iterative development process:

• Risk（风险） management
• Planning an iterative project, through the lifecycle and for a particular iteration
• Monitoring progress of an iterative project, metrics

Relation to Other Disciplines

The Project Management Discipline（学科） provides the framework whereby a project is created and managed. In doing so, all other disciplines are utilized as part of the project work:

• Business Modeling discipline
• Requirement discipline
• Analysis & Design discipline
• Implementation discipline
• Test discipline
• Deployment discipline

The Project Management Discipline is one of the supporting process disciplines, together with:

• Configuration & Change Management discipline
• Environment discipline

Further Reading-the Project Management Institute’s Project Management Body of Knowledge

It is not our intention in the RUP（统一软件开发过程） to present a complete tutorial on project management. We describe only that subset which is directly related to our approach to software development, and, of that subset, certain topics (as noted above) have been ruled out of scope, and are touched on only lightly, or omitted entirely. The project management approach described here has been influenced by the Project Management Institute’s Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®), and the reader should consult that work for a complete coverage of generally accepted best practice in project management. It is available from www.pmi.org. The Project Management Institute (PMI®) is the leading nonprofit professional organization covering project management; it establishes project management standards and provides professional certification.